Holman Christian Standard Bible

The transliteration of a Hebrew word signifying that something is certain, valid, truthful, or faithful; it is often used at the end of biblical songs, hymns, and prayers.

A term of slander, which was variously interpreted “lord of flies,” “lord of dung,” or “ruler of demons”; 2 Kg 1:2; Mk 3:22

The Greek word skandalizo has a root meaning of “snare” or “trap,” but has no real English counterpart.

A Roman officer who commanded about 100 soldiers

A group of Jewish temple officers that included the high priest, captain of the temple, temple overseers, and treasurers

Or cohort, a Roman military unit that numbered as many as 600 men

An OT measurement of distance that equaled about 18 inches

Originally a federation of 10 Gentile towns east of the Jordan River

A small silver Roman coin, which was equal to a day’s wage for a common laborer

Plural of "denarius". A small silver Roman coin, which was equal to a day’s wage for a common laborer

Jewish engagement was a binding agreement that could only be broken by divorce.

The Greek word for the place of the dead; it corresponds to the Hebrew word Sheol.

The Latin word Praetorium was used by Greek writers for the residence of the Roman governor; it may also refer to military headquarters, the imperial court, or the emperor’s guard.

Gk gehenna; Aramaic for Valley of Hinnom on the south side of Jerusalem; it was formerly a place of human sacrifice and in NT times a place for the burning of garbage; the place of final judgment for those rejecting Christ.

The name of the Idumean family ruling Palestine from 37 b.c. to a.d. 95; the main rulers from this family mentioned in the NT are:
Herod I (37 b.c.–4 b.c.) also known as Herod the Great; built the great temple in Jerusalem and massacred the male babies in Bethlehem
Herod Antipas (4 b.c.–a.d. 39) – son of Herod the Great; ruled one-fourth of his father’s kingdom (Galilee and Perea); killed John the Baptist and mocked Jesus
Agrippa I (a.d. 37–44) – grandson of Herod the Great; beheaded James the apostle and imprisoned Peter
Agrippa II (a.d. 52–c. 95) – great-grandson of Herod the Great; heard Paul’s defense

Political supporters of Herod the Great and his family

A term of praise derived from the Hebrew word for save

This is a phrase used only by Jesus to testify to the certainty and importance of His words; in Mt, Mk and Lk it is literally Amen, I say to you, and in Jn it is literally Amen, amen, I say to you.

The Greek word psyche can be translated life or soul.

Or Mary of Magdala; Magdala was probably on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee, north of Tiberias.

Or the Christ; the Greek word Christos means “the anointed one”.

A mountain east of Jerusalem, across the Kidron Valley

A person from Nazareth; growing up in Nazareth was an aspect of the Messiah’s humble beginnings; Jn 1:46.

The Israelite festival celebrated on the fourteenth day of the first month in the early spring. It was a celebration of the deliverance of the Israelites from Egypt, commemorating the final plague on Egypt when the firstborn were killed.

In Judaism a religious sect that followed the whole written and oral law

Pontius Pilate was governor of the province of Judea a.d. 26–36.

A person from another race or religion who went through a prescribed ritual to become a Jew

The Hebrew word Rabbi means my great one; it is used of a recognized teacher of the Scriptures.

Literally bread of presentation; 12 loaves, representing the 12 tribes of Israel, put on the table in the holy place in the tabernacle, and later in the temple. The priests ate the previous week’s loaves; Ex 25:30; 29:32; Lv 24:5-9.

In Judaism a religious sect that followed primarily the first 5 books of the OT (Torah or Pentateuch)

People of mixed, Gentile/Jewish ancestry who lived between Galilee and Judea and were hated by the Jews

The supreme council of Judaism with 70 members, patterned after Moses’ 70 elders

A professional group in Judaism that copied the law of Moses and interpreted it, especially in legal cases

The strong Greek word doulos cannot be accurately translated in English by “servant” or “bond servant”; the HCSB translates this word as “slave,” not out of insensitivity to the legitimate concerns of modern English speakers, but out of a commitment to accurately convey the brutal reality of the Roman empire’s inhumane institution as well as the ownership called for by Christ.

The most frequent title Jesus used for Himself; Dn 7:13

A place where the Jewish people met for prayer, worship and teaching of the Scriptures

Or tent, or shelter; terms used for temporary housing

Fringe put on the clothing of devout Jews to remind them to keep the law; Nm 15:37-41

In the Jerusalem temple, the complex included the sanctuary (the holy place and the holy of holies), at least 4 courtyards (for priests, Jewish men, Jewish women, and Gentiles), numerous gates, and several covered walkways.

A seven-day festival celebrated in conjunction with the Passover; Ex 12:1-20

The Greek word is magoi; The English word “Magi” is based on a Persian word. They were eastern sages who observed the heavens for signs and omens.

Holman Christian Standard Bible ®

Chapter 13

The Parable of the Sower

1 On that day Jesus went out of the house and was sitting by the sea.
2 Such large crowds gathered around Him that He got into a boat and sat down, while the whole crowd stood on the shore.
3 Then He told them many things in parables, saying: “Consider the sower who went out to sow.
4 As he was sowing, some seeds fell along the path, and the birds came and ate them up.
5 Others fell on rocky ground, where there wasn’t much soil, and they sprang up quickly since the soil wasn’t deep.
6 But when the sun came up they were scorched, and since they had no root, they withered.
7 Others fell among thorns, and the thorns came up and choked them.
8 Still others fell on good ground, and produced a crop: some 100, some 60, and some 30 times [what was sown]* The bracketed text has been added for clarity. .
9 Anyone who has ears[1] Other mss add to hear should listen!”

Why Jesus Used Parables

10 Then the disciples came up and asked Him, “Why do You speak to them in parables?”
11 He answered them, “Because the secrets[2] The Gk word mysteria does not mean “mysteries” in the Eng sense; it means what we can know only by divine revelation. of the kingdom of heaven have been given for you to know, but it has not been given to them.
12 For whoever has, [more]* The bracketed text has been added for clarity. will be given to him, and he will have more than enough. But whoever does not have, even what he has will be taken away from him.
13 For this reason I speak to them in parables, because looking they do not see, and hearing they do not listen or understand.
14 Isaiah’s prophecy is fulfilled in them, which says: You will listen and listen, yet never understand; and you will look and look, yet never perceive.
15 For this people’s heart has grown callous; their ears are hard of hearing, and they have shut their eyes; otherwise they might see with their eyes and hear with their ears, understand with their hearts and turn back— and I would cure them.[3] Isaiah 6:9–10
16 “But your eyes are blessed because they do see, and your ears because they do hear!
17 For • I assure you: Many prophets and righteous people longed to see the things you see yet didn’t see them; to hear the things you hear yet didn’t hear them.

The Parable of the Sower Explained

18 “You, then, listen to the parable of the sower:
19 When anyone hears the word[4] Gk logos = word, or message, or saying, or thing about the kingdom and doesn’t understand it, the evil one comes and snatches away what was sown in his heart. This is the one sown along the path.
20 And the one sown on rocky ground—this is one who hears the word and immediately receives it with joy.
21 Yet he has no root in himself, but is short-lived. When pressure or persecution comes because of the word, immediately he stumbles.
22 Now the one sown among the thorns—this is one who hears the word, but the worries of this age and the seduction[5] Or pleasure, or deceitfulness of wealth choke the word, and it becomes unfruitful.
23 But the one sown on the good ground—this is one who hears and understands the word, who does bear fruit and yields: some 100, some 60, some 30 times [what was sown]* The bracketed text has been added for clarity. .”

The Parable of the Wheat and the Weeds

24 He presented another parable to them: “The kingdom of heaven may be compared to a man who sowed good seed in his field.
25 But while people were sleeping, his enemy came, sowed weeds[6] Or darnel, a weed similar in appearance to wheat in the early stages among the wheat, and left.
26 When the plants sprouted and produced grain, then the weeds also appeared.
27 The landowner’s slaves came to him and said, ‘Master, didn’t you sow good seed in your field? Then where did the weeds come from?’
28 “ ‘An enemy did this!’ he told them. “ ‘So, do you want us to go and gather them up?’ the slaves asked him.
29 “ ‘No,’ he said. ‘When you gather up the weeds, you might also uproot the wheat with them.
30 Let both grow together until the harvest. At harvest time I’ll tell the reapers: Gather the weeds first and tie them in bundles to burn them, but store the wheat in my barn. ’ ”

The Parables of the Mustard Seed and of the Yeast

31 He presented another parable to them: “The kingdom of heaven is like a mustard seed that a man took and sowed in his field.
32 It’s the smallest of all the seeds, but when grown, it’s taller than the vegetables and becomes a tree, so that the birds of the sky come and nest in its branches.”[7] Ezk 17:23
33 He told them another parable: “The kingdom of heaven is like yeast that a woman took and mixed into 50 pounds[8] Lit 3 sata; about 40 quarts of flour until it spread through all of it.”[9] Or until all of it was leavened

Using Parables Fulfills Prophecy

34 Jesus told the crowds all these things in parables, and He would not speak anything to them without a parable,
35 so that what was spoken through the prophet might be fulfilled: I will open My mouth in parables; I will declare things kept secret from the foundation of the world.[10] Ps 78:2

Jesus Interprets the Wheat and the Weeds

36 Then He dismissed the crowds and went into the house. His disciples approached Him and said, “Explain the parable of the weeds in the field to us.”
37 He replied: “The One who sows the good seed is the • Son of Man;
38 the field is the world; and the good seed—these are the sons of the kingdom. The weeds are the sons of the evil one, and
39 the enemy who sowed them is the Devil. The harvest is the end of the age, and the harvesters are angels.
40 Therefore just as the weeds are gathered and burned in the fire, so it will be at the end of the age.
41 The Son of Man will send out His angels, and they will gather from His kingdom everything that causes sin[11] Or stumbling and those guilty of lawlessness.[12] Or those who do lawlessness
42 They will throw them into the blazing furnace where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.
43 Then the righteous will shine like the sun in their Father’s kingdom. Anyone who has ears[13] Other mss add to hear should listen!

The Parables of the Hidden Treasure and of the Priceless Pearl

44 “The kingdom of heaven is like treasure, buried in a field, that a man found and reburied. Then in his joy he goes and sells everything he has and buys that field.
45 “Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a merchant in search of fine pearls.
46 When he found one priceless[14] Or very precious pearl, he went and sold everything he had, and bought it.

The Parable of the Net

47 “Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a large net thrown into the sea. It collected every kind [of fish]* The bracketed text has been added for clarity. ,
48 and when it was full, they dragged it ashore, sat down, and gathered the good [fish]* The bracketed text has been added for clarity. into containers, but threw out the worthless ones.
49 So it will be at the end of the age. The angels will go out, separate the evil people from the righteous,
50 and throw them into the blazing furnace. In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.

The Storehouse of Truth

51 “Have you understood all these things?”[15] Other mss add Jesus asked them “Yes,” they told Him.
52 “Therefore,” He said to them, “every student of Scripture[16] Or every scribe instructed in the kingdom of heaven is like a landowner who brings out of his storeroom what is new and what is old.”
53 When Jesus had finished these parables, He left there.

Rejection at Nazareth

54 He went to His hometown and began to teach them in their • synagogue, so that they were astonished and said, “How did this wisdom and these miracles come to Him?
55 Isn’t this the carpenter’s son? Isn’t His mother called Mary, and His brothers James, Joseph,[17] Other mss read Joses; Mk 6:3 Simon, and Judas?
56 And His sisters, aren’t they all with us? So where does He get all these things?”
57 And they were offended by Him. But Jesus said to them, “A prophet is not without honor except in his hometown and in his household.”
58 And He did not do many miracles there because of their unbelief.